Why was the American Revolution special? Have there not been scores of other revolutions throughout history with equally compelling motives? In a speech entitled “The Revolution of Sober Expectations,” Martin Diamond presents evidences to why the American Revolution stands separate from the rest.
First, one must note that, unlike others, the American Revolution was not led by unchecked passions. British Troops began occupying Boston in 1768, the Boston Massacre occurred in 1770, the Battles of Lexington and Concord were in the spring of 1775, and still the Continental Congress did not declare independence until July 4, 1776. Many of the signers of the Declaration were still hesitant to sign at that time. They understood the severity of their actions. This is why the Declaration lists the offences that the King and Parliament had committed, explaining to the world their justification for this apparent treason.
The Declaration of Independence put forth the main idea for which the American Revolution would be fought – the ideal of civil liberty. Civil liberty was an ideal which not only inspired, but was also attainable. The signers did not seek to create a utopian state, but sought after a goal which was realistic and pragmatic.
Also, there is something absolutely vital to a new nation that is absent from the Declaration. There is no mention of a new government. Mr. Diamond says, “The makers of the American Revolution did not think themselves in possession of the simple and complete political truth, capable of instant application as a panacea for government.” Thus, the Declaration of Independence was only half a revolution.
The revolution was completed with the ratification of the Constitution. Through extensive debate and argumentation came a sober analysis of how this new government should be run. Many people celebrate America creating the first modern democracy, but in reality most of the Founding Fathers were against a pure democracy and were extremely concerned about the plausibility and consequences of such a government. Over the course of a long, hot summer of protracted political debate, they created a government which they called a “democratic republic.” They thereby were able to include the necessary benefits of democracy, while retaining tried governing principles of a republican nation. The government they set up has now lasted more than 230 years. Mr. Diamond said of the Constitution’s ratification that:
“At precisely that moment of crisis when other revolutions turn turbulent, begin to devour their own, and dash all the initial hopes, at precisely that moment ripe for disaster, the American Revolution achieved its glory by a unique moment of stillness and sobriety.”
The American Revolution was one of sober expectations. The Founding Fathers knew the risks they were taking, and took the time to be sure of what they were doing. They considered each step and were critical of each principle. They were skeptical, sober, and realistic, while always keeping in sight their goal of liberty. It was a revolution like no other.
Works Cited
Diamond, Martin. "The Revolution of Sober Expectations." Independence Square, Philadephia, in the House of Representatives Chamber, Congress Hall, Philadelphia. 24 Oct. 1973. Speech.
